776 publication(s) trouvée(s)
Article scientifique
Strong associations between national prevalence of various STIs suggests sexual network connectivity is a common underpinning risk factor
BACKGROUND: If national peak Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) prevalence is positively associated with the prevalence of other sexually transmitted infections …
Article scientifique
Investigation of Salmonella Enteritidis outbreaks in South Africa using multi-locus variable-number tandem-repeats analysis, 2013-2015
BACKGROUND: Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (Salmonella Enteritidis) has become a significant pathogen in South Africa, and the need for improved …
Article scientifique
Correlates of isoniazid preventive therapy failure in child household contacts with infectious tuberculosis in high burden settings in Nairobi, Kenya – a cohort study
BACKGROUND: Sub-Saharan Africa continues to document high pediatric tuberculosis (TB) burden, especially among the urban poor. One recommended preventive strategy …
Article scientifique
Modifiable risk factors for typhoid intestinal perforations during a large outbreak of typhoid fever, Kampala Uganda, 2015
Between January and June, 2015, a large typhoid fever outbreak occurred in Kampala, Uganda, with 10,230 suspected cases. During the …
Article scientifique
Protocol and baseline data for a multi-year cohort study of the effects of different mass drug treatment approaches on functional morbidities from schistosomiasis in four African countries
BACKGROUND: The Schistosomiasis Consortium for Operational Research and Evaluation (SCORE) focus is on randomized trials of different approaches to mass …
Article scientifique
Rifampicin resistance in mycobacterium tuberculosis patients using GeneXpert at Livingstone Central Hospital for the year 2015: a cross sectional explorative study
BACKGROUND: Since the recent introduction of GeneXepert for the detection of Tuberculosis (TB) drug resistance mutations in both primary resistance …
Article scientifique
Light-emitting diode fluorescent microscopy and Xpert MTB/RIF® assay for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis among patients attending Ambo hospital, west-central Ethiopia
BACKGROUND: The relatively simple and cheaper light-emitting diode fluorescent microscopy (LED-FM) was recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) to …
Article scientifique
A comparison of self-report and antiretroviral detection to inform estimates of antiretroviral therapy coverage, viral load suppression and HIV incidence in Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa
BACKGROUND: Accurately identifying individuals who are on antiretroviral therapy (ART) is important to determine ART coverage and proportion on ART …
Article scientifique
Hepatitis B virus and HIV co-infection among pregnant women in Rwanda
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) affects people worldwide but the local burden especially in pregnant women and their new born babies …
Article scientifique
Spatio-temporal clustering analysis and its determinants of hand, foot and mouth disease in Hunan, China, 2009–2015
BACKGROUND: Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is one of the highest reported infectious diseases with several outbreaks across the …
Article scientifique
A dual regimen of ritonavir/darunavir plus dolutegravir for rescue or simplification of rescue therapy: 48 weeks’ observational data
BACKGROUND: Dolutegravir (DTG) plus darunavir/ritonavir (DRV/r) is a simple combination of drugs that has the best genetic barrier to HIV-1 …
Article scientifique
Cervical precancerous changes and selected cervical microbial infections, Kiambu County, Kenya, 2014: a cross sectional study
BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer is the predominant cancer among women in Kenya and second most common in women in developing regions. …
Article scientifique
Laboratory-acquired infections of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi in South Africa: phenotypic and genotypic analysis of isolates
BACKGROUND: Workers in clinical microbiology laboratories are exposed to a variety of pathogenic microorganisms. Salmonella species is among the most …
Article scientifique
Species distribution and antibiotic susceptibility profile of bacterial uropathogens among patients complaining urinary tract infections
BACKGROUND: Urinary tract infection is the second most common type of infection and the problem is further compounded by the …
Article scientifique
The contribution of respiratory pathogens to fatal and non-fatal respiratory hospitalizations: a pilot study of Taqman Array Cards (TAC) in Kenya
BACKGROUND: Respiratory diseases cause substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide, with sub-Saharan Africa bearing the greatest burden. Identifying etiologies of respiratory …
Article scientifique
Prevalence and risk factors for Staphylococcus aureus nasopharyngeal carriage during a PCV trial
BACKGROUND: We conducted an ancillary study among individuals who had participated in a cluster-randomized PCV-7 trial in rural Gambia (some …
Article scientifique
Relationships between sickle cell trait, malaria, and educational outcomes in Tanzania
BACKGROUND: Sickle Cell Trait (SCT) has been shown to be protective against malaria. A growing literature suggests that malaria exposure …
Article scientifique
Clinical care given to victims of sexual assault at Kadoma General Hospital, Zimbabwe: a secondary data analysis, 2016
BACKGROUND: Despite the guidelines for managing sexual assault being in place, victims of sexual assault attended to at Kadoma General …
Article scientifique
Plasmid-based high-resolution melting analysis for accurate detection of rpoB mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from Moroccan patients
BACKGROUND: Rapid diagnosis of drug resistance in tuberculosis (TB) is pivotal for the timely initiation of effective antibiotic treatment to …
Article scientifique
Improving ART programme retention and viral suppression are key to maximising impact of treatment as prevention – a modelling study
BACKGROUND: UNAIDS calls for fewer than 500,000 new HIV infections/year by 2020, with treatment-as-prevention being a key part of their …