Editorial: Antidiabetic molecular targets: Updates on old and emerging targets and their small molecule modulators

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Editorial on the Research Topic Antidiabetic molecular targets: Updates on old and emerging targets and their small molecule modulators Considering the rapidly growing prevalence of diabetes around the world (IDF, 2021) and gradually changing pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D) (Kautzky-Willer et al., 2016), there has been an increasing interest in the discovery and synthesis of novel antidiabetic molecules as well as to understand their molecular targets and underlying molecular mechanism of actions.Recently a number of compounds both from natural and synthetic origins have been investigated for their antidiabetic potentials (Munhoz and Frode, 2018;Unnikrishnan and Jayasri, 2018;Tang et al., 2020;Zhu et al., 2021), when these studies were conducted either at in vitro and/or in vivo experimental models.This particular topic of the journal has received numerous submissions but considering the focus of this special topic and the quality of the articles, only few of these were ultimately published including three comprehensive reviews, one mini review and three original articles.Out of many complications of diabetes mellitus, diabetic retinopathy is one of the leading causes of diabetes-associated blindness in the industrial world (Bhatwadekar et al., 2021).Chang et al. thoroughly discussed the roles of several non-coding RNAs such as microRNAs, lncRNAs and cricRNAs, involved in the gene expression as well as other biological processes in the development of novel therapeutics for diabetic retinopathy, which may help in developing novel therapeutics for diabetic retinopathy.The involvement of microRNAs has been further observed in one of the original studies published under this topic, where Guan et al. reported the upregulation of miR-199a-5p in the placenta of patients with gestational diabetes mellitus.On the other hand, while approximately 50% of people with diabetes are undiagnosed, diagnosing the disease at an early or a prediabetic stage can make a big difference in preventing or delaying the development of T2D.Applications of newly identified biomarkers may make a considerable difference in the diagnosis of prediabetes and ultimately preventing the rapidly growing prevalence of T2D.This has been widely discussed in the mini review published on this topic by Luis et al.As mentioned above, novel antidiabetic compounds are being identified either from the natural or synthetic origin, when a number of factors may limit the propagation of plants with potential antidiabetic phytochemicals for the viable production of antidiabetic drugs.Ali et al. not only

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