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Clinical Characteristics of External Ocular and Periocular Infections and Their Antimicrobial Treatment Patterns Among a Ghanaian Ophthalmic Population; A Multicenter Study

Article scientifique 2022 Anglais

Résumé

Abstract Empirical antimicrobial therapy is linked to a surge in antimicrobial resistant infections. However, an insight on the bacteria etiology of ocular infections is essential in the appropriation of choice of antimicrobial among clinicians, yet there remains a dearth of data from Ghana. We investigated the bacteria etiology of external ocular and periocular infections and antimicrobial treatment patterns among a Ghanaian ophthalmic population. A multicenter study design with purposive sampling approach was employed. Patients demographics and clinical data were collated using a pretested structure questionnaire. Cornea specimens and conjunctival swabs were obtained for bacteriological investigations following standard protocols. About 95% (98/103) of ocular samples were positive for bacteria culture. The proportion of Gram-negative bacteria was 58.2%, and the predominant bacteria species were Pseudomonas aeruginosa 38.8% and Staphylococcus aureus 27.6%. Conjunctivitis 40.0% and keratitis 75.0% were mostly caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The routinely administered antimicrobial therapy were polymyxin B 41.2%, neomycin 35.1% and ciprofloxacin 31.6%. Participants demographic and clinical characteristics were unrelated with positive bacteria culture (p > 0.05). Our results showed a markedly higher burden of ocular bacterial infections and variations in etiology. Bacterial infection-control and antimicrobial agent management programs should be urgently institutionalized to prevent the emergence of resistant infections.

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Duah, I., Tchiakpe, M., Borquaye, L., Amoah, K., Amankwah, F., Kumah, D., Ofori, L., Danso‐Appiah, A., Prempeh, B., Gbedema, S., Munyaneza, J., Danquah, C., Akuffo, K. (2022). Clinical Characteristics of External Ocular and Periocular Infections and Their Antimicrobial Treatment Patterns Among a Ghanaian Ophthalmic Population; A Multicenter Study. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1249919/v1

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Auteur(s)

Isaiah Osei Duah Michel Pascal Tchiakpe Lawrence Sheringham Borquaye Kwadwo Amoah Francis Kwaku Dzideh Amankwah David Ben Kumah Linda Aurelia Ofori Anthony Danso‐Appiah Bright Owusu Prempeh Stephen Yao Gbedema Justin Munyaneza Cynthia Amaning Danquah Kwadwo Owusu Akuffo

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