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Risk factors for major depressive disorder among adults recruited from hospital settings in Uganda, Kenya, Ethiopia and South Africa

Article scientifique 2026 Anglais

Résumé

Major depressive disorder (MDD) significantly contributes to the mental health burden in Africa, requiring insights into prevalence and risk factors to inform culturally responsive care. This study assessed current and lifetime MDD prevalence and associated factors among 7,073 adults from hospital settings in Uganda, Kenya, Ethiopia, and South Africa within the NeuroGAP-Psychosis study. Prevalence was 0.9% for current MDD and 5.1% for lifetime MDD, substantially lower than prior estimates from the region. Lower rates may be due to the population studied or cultural variations in expression of symptoms. Multilevel logistic regression identified significant associations between current MDD and negative life events, alcohol use, and Kessler psychological distress scores, while lifetime MDD was linked to age, female sex, chronic pain, frequent headaches, and positive psychosis screening. These findings underscore the need for targeted mental health interventions tailored to the identified factors to reduce the burden of MDD in diverse African contexts.

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Kalungi, A., Ssembajjwe, W., Tindi, K., Mwesiga, E., Maina, J., Kirumira, F., Atkinson, E., Atwoli, L., Barker, M., Chibnik, L., Kariuki, S., Newton, C., Stroud, R., Teferra, S., Zingela, Z., Martin, A., Nyirenda, M., Stein, D., Kinyanda, E., Kuchenbaecker, K., Fatumo, S., Akena, D. (2026). Risk factors for major depressive disorder among adults recruited from hospital settings in Uganda, Kenya, Ethiopia and South Africa. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-77189-6

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Auteur(s)

Allan Kalungi Wilber Ssembajjwe Kester B. B. Tindi Emmanuel Kiiza Mwesiga Jared G. Maina Fred Kirumira Elizabeth G. Atkinson Lukoye Atwoli Mark Barker Lori Beth Chibnik Symon M. Kariuki Charles R.J.C. Newton Rocky E. Stroud Solomon Teferra Zukiswa Zingela Alicia R. Martin Moffat J. Nyirenda Dan J. Stein Eugene Kinyanda Karoline Kuchenbaecker Segun Fatumo Dickens H. Akena

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