Basic Life Support (BLS) Knowledge Among General Population in Arab Countries: A Multinational Study in Nine Arab Countries

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Abstract Background: Basic Life Support (BLS) is a medical treatment used in life-threatening emergencies until the sufferer can be properly cared for by a team of paramedics or in a hospital. It may save the lives of those who are choking, drowning, or experiencing cardiac arrest, as well as certain others, depending on the situation. This research seeks to assess the level of knowledge of basic life support and the contributing factors among the Arab non-medical population. Methods: An online survey-based cross-sectional study was conducted among non-medical populations in nine Arab countries between April 13, 2022, and June 30, 2022. The utilized questionnaire consisted of two parts: part one includes socio-demographic and knowledge-related items; part two measures knowledge of basic life support through an online survey. For data analysis, we used SPSS version 28. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) were performed to investigate difference in BLS knowledge between groups defined by the independent variables Statistically significant differences were defined as those with a P value <0.05, and the score above the mean of knowledge on the BLS scale was considered adequate. Results: The research included a total of 4465 participants. 2540 (56.89%) [95% CI (55.9–57.7)] of the participants were knowledgeable about basic life support. The mean basic life support knowledge scores of participants who received training were higher than those who had not (20.11 ± 4.20 vs. 16.96 ± 5.27). According to a comparison of the included nations' levels of BLS knowledge, Yemen scored the highest (19.86 ± 4.71), while Morocco had the lowest (14.15 ± 5.10). Additionally, individuals who resided in urban areas scored on average higher than those who did in rural areas (17.86 ± 5.19 vs. 17.13 ± 5.24, p<0.05) in understanding basic life support. Conclusion: The level of BLS knowledge among non-medical people in Arab nations is moderate but insufficient to handle the urgent crises that we face everywhere; in addition to physicians being needed to learn the basic BLS principles, non-medical people should also be knowledgeable of the necessary actions to take in emergency events.

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