Lessons Learnt from Adaptive Reuse of Earthen Heritage in Desert Oases in Hot Arid Climates

Résumé

Earth is the most widely used construction material, especially in desert oases, due to its ominous presence, thermal insulation, soundproofing capacities, and cultural appropriateness. The adaptive reuse of earthen heritage is an emerging trend in the desert oases that aims to preserve the historical values of the heritage sites and revitalize it to suit contemporary needs. While there is an increasing awareness of the significance of heritage adaptive reuse and the renewed attention for earthen architecture, the focus on the reuse of earthen heritage is not sufficiently explored yet in literature. This study provides a comparative analysis of successful adaptive reuse projects in desert oases across Egypt and other similar contexts worldwide such as: AlUla Town and Al-Turaif District in Saudi Arabia, Ksar Ait Ben Haddou in Morocco and Old Sanaa in Yemen. By analyzing many approaches of earthen heritage conservation in these climatic conditions, the research emphasizes common problems and solutions that can be applied to an international context such as the involvement of the community in the process and the provision of new economic activities for the locals. The findings provide useful strategies for stakeholders, architects, researchers, owners and planners, to guide them in the adaptive reuse projects using earthen construction materials.

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