Synthesis of Biopolymer-embedded Iron oxide Nanocomposite for the degradation of POPs

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This study explores whether biopolymer-based nanocomposites can offer a biodegradable, reusable platform for removing persistent organic pollutants (POPs), providing an eco-friendly alternative to free nanoparticles.Iron oxide nanoparticles were synthesized using Marrubium vulgare extract and directly incorporated into a starch-glycerol biopolymer to form thin-film nanocomposites.These films were tested for crystal violet degradation under solar light via photo-Fenton, photocatalysis, and photolysis pathways.The photo-Fenton process achieved complete dye removal in 20 minutes, photocatalysis in 60 minutes, while photolysis reached only 21% removal.Immobilizing nanoparticles within the biopolymer matrix enabled easy recovery without centrifugation, simplifying reuse.This fixed-support system prevents nanoparticle leaching and supports multiple usage cycles.The use of renewable materials and green synthesis methods aligns with sustainability goals.Overall, the study demonstrates that starch-based nanocomposites are effective, eco-friendly photocatalysts for dye-contaminated wastewater, combining operational simplicity with environmental responsibility.

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