Health and Safety Status of Health Professionals and Associated Factors During Covid-19 Pandemic in Public Hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

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Abstract Introduction: Healthcare professionals around the world are at risk of contracting an infectious disease. The Corona Virus Disease 19 epidemic has had a profound effect, especially on hospitals and health workers. However, at the national level in Ethiopia, there is a lack of data on the current state of health and safety of health care professionals. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the state of health and safety and the associated characteristics of health professionals in public hospitals during the COVID-19 epidemic. Objective The purpose of this study was to determine the occupational health and safety of health professionals and associated factors, at selected public hospitals in Addis Ababa during the Corona Virus Disease 19 pandemic. Methodology: An institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted From January 1 to January 30, 2022, for 360 participants. A simple random technique was used to select study participants. Data were collected using self-administered questioners and entered into Epi info version 3.1 before being exported to SPSS Software (version 23) for analysis. Logistic regression was used to identify significant variables and control confounding factor. The strength of the association was measured using an adjusted odds ratio with a 95 percent confidence interval at a 5% level of significance. A P-value < 0.05 indicated a significant relationship between factors. Result Out of a total of 360 study participants, 73.6% (95%Confidence Interval [CI] = 68.9–78.3) had good occupational health and safety status. Work experiences(Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] = 1.8, 95%Confidence Interval[CI] = 1.12–3.2), Availability of Proper facemasks to wear during patient contact (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] = 3, 95%Confidence Interval[CI]: 1.7–5.2), the presence of cleaning and disinfection agents (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] = 2, 95%Confidence Interval[CI] = 1.11–3.7), availability of water and hand washing facilities (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] = 2, 95%Confidence Interval[CI] = 1.1–3.4), training on health and safety (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] = 1.8, 95%Confidence Interval[CI] = 1.13–3.2) were significantly associated with occupational health and safety status of health professionals. Conclusion: The findings indicated that occupational health safety status was generally good in the study area. However, the availability of personal protective equipment, availability of water and hand washing facilities, availability of cleaning and disinfectants, and the provision of health and safety training for health professionals still need to be improved because lack of these predictors decrease occupational health and safety status of health professionals and increase the risk of infections at work place.

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