Analyzing the relationship between private sector strategic investment interventions and food security outcomes of emerging forestry commercial farmers

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Introduction Food insecurity remains a pressing challenge in developing nations, including South Africa, where many households depend on agriculture for their livelihoods. Integrating forestry emerging forestry commercial farmers into private sector investment frameworks offers potential to improve food security, yet empirical evidence on this relationship is limited. This study examines the relationship between private-sector investment interventions and food security outcomes among emerging forestry commercial farmers. Methods Using a quantitative design, data from 121 emerging forestry commercial farmers selected through simple random sampling analysis using the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) and a parametric marginal treatment effects (MTEs) model with local instrumental variable (IV) estimation. Results and discussion Results showed that 97.5% of the sampled population experienced food insecurity, while only 2.5% demonstrated food security. For treated farmers, educational attainment and farm association membership were positively associated with improved food security, while for untreated farmers, training duration and satisfaction with training had similar positive effects. These findings highlight the role of education, collective organization, and effective training in reducing food insecurity among emerging forestry commercial farmers. Conclusion The study concludes that improving food security among emerging commercial farmers requires their greater inclusion in private sector strategic partnerships and recommends that extension officers adopt inclusive, participatory training approaches that accommodate farmers with limited literacy.

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