Treatment experienced persons living with HIV on atazanavir based second line regimens are not highly adherent to therapy: a report from a tertiary referral hospital in Kenya.

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Abstract Background Adherence to antiretroviral therapy is necessary for positive treatment outcomes. The objectives of this study were to determine adherence levels and their determinants in persons living with HIV on second line therapy. Methods A cross-sectional study was undertaken at a HIV clinic within Kenyatta National Hospital in October, 2017. Data were collected through interviews and application of the Morisky Medication Adherence and then analyzed in R. Results One hundred and ten patients were enrolled; 46 (41.8%) males and 64 (58.2%) females. The mean age was 39.8 years (± 11.8). Most participants, 96 (87.3%), had moderate adherence while 14 (12.7%) had low adherence. None were highly adherent. Age (aOR = 1.10, 95% CI; 1.04, 1.19) and depression (aOR =0.17, 95% CI 0.04, 0.64) were independently associated with adherence. Conclusion None of the treatment experienced patients on second line regimens were highly adherent to therapy. Younger patients and those with depression require additional adherence counselling.

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