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Effect of Age and Sex on The Associations Between Potentially Modifiable Risk Factors and Both Type 2 Diabetes and Impaired Fasting Glycaemia among West African Adults

Article scientifique 2022 Anglais

Résumé

Abstract IntroductionType 2 diabetes Miletus (T2DM) is becoming one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, including among Africans. Knowledge of the association between risk factors and both diabetes and pre-diabetes, and whether these differ by age and sex, are important for designing targeted interventions. However, little is known about these associations for African populations.MethodsThe study used data from WHO STEPS surveys, comprising 15,520 participants (6,774 men and 8,746 women) aged 25-64 years. Chi-square and T-test were used to compare differences in the prevalence of risk factors for both sexes. Multinomial logistic regression was conducted to ascertain the relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for both T2DM and IFG relating to each risk factors, including obesity (defined by BMI, waist circumference (WC), waist to hip ratio (WHR), and waist to height ratio (WHtR)), high blood pressure (HBP), fruit and vegetable consumption, physical inactivity, alcohol consumption and smoking. Models for each risk factor were fitted with interactions for age and sex.ResultsFactors associated with T2DM and IFG were age, BMI, waist circumference(WC), waist to hip ratio(WHR), waist to height ratio(WHtR), hypertension, physical inactivity, smoking, alcohol, fruit, and vegetable consumption]. Significant interaction with age was observed for the association between hypertension and T2DM(p = 0.05); WHtR and T2DM (p = 0.007) and WHR with IFG (p= 0.006).ConclusionThe study found that for most risk factors examined, associations with both IFG and T2DM did not vary by age and sex. Policies for the prevention may consider the impact of risk factors equally among adults of any age or sex in West Africa.

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Issaka, A., Cameron, A., Paradies, Y., Bosu, W., Houéhanou, C., Kiwallo, J., Wesseh, C., Houinato, D., Nazoum, D., Stevenson, C. (2022). Effect of Age and Sex on The Associations Between Potentially Modifiable Risk Factors and Both Type 2 Diabetes and Impaired Fasting Glycaemia among West African Adults. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1278671/v1

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Auteur(s)

Ayuba Issaka Adrian J. Cameron Yin Paradies William K. Bosu Corine Houéhanou Jean Baptiste Kiwallo Chea Sanford Wesseh Dismand Stéphan Houinato Diarra J.P. Nazoum Christopher Stevenson

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