« Opération Hirondelle » 1953-1958, retour sur une stratégie coloniale (deuxième partie)
Résumé
Abstract "Operation Hirondelle" (Operation Swallow) is the name given to the organization that facilitated the evacuation of Niger’s agricultural and pastoral exports specifically peanuts via the port of Cotonou. In return, it ensured the transport of a portion of imported goods destined for the colony of Niger. The operation relied primarily on the Zinder-Parakou road, followed by the railway connecting the latter town to the port of Cotonou (Hadari, 1991: 76). This study examines the colonial strategy known as "Operation Hirondelle." It aims to make a modest contribution to the understanding of this operation. Its primary objective is to analyze the historical factors behind the implementation of Operation Hirondelle and its actual impact on the colony and its populations. This article follows up on a previous paper regarding the subject. The analysis focuses on trends in production and exports of agricultural, forestry, and pastoral products, as well as the limitations of the operation. The documentation used consists of academic works (master's theses and doctoral dissertations). Other documentary sources were also utilized to produce this paper. These sources are complemented by archival documents and field surveys involving producers, drivers, traders, exporters, and others. Keywords: Operation Hirondelle, peanuts, agricultural production, limitations, agro-sylvo-pastoral products
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