Perceptions and attitudes toward artificial intelligence among Moroccan public medical school students: a cross-sectional study

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Objective The implementation of AI-driven medicine depends on both technological advancements and the preparedness of future clinicians. This study aimed to assess Moroccan medical students’ knowledge, perceptions, trust, ethical concerns, and educational preferences regarding artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare. Methods A national cross-sectional online survey was conducted from June to September 2024 among medical students from the first year to thesis stage. A structured self-administered questionnaire assessed AI familiarity, perceived roles in clinical and administrative tasks, trust in AI-assisted decisions, ethical and privacy concerns, perceived feasibility of AI implementation in Morocco, and preferred educational formats. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics with SPSS (version 23) and Microsoft Excel. Results A total of 310 students completed the survey (mean age 22.4 years; 60.6% female). Only 15.6% reported moderate-to-high familiarity with AI. Acceptance was highest for administrative tasks, including documentation (87.4%) and history taking (64.2%), but remained low for prescribing (20%) and clinical decision-making (12.9%). Most students (83.5%) disagreed that AI could replace clinicians, while 91% acknowledged its potential to improve access to medical knowledge and 89% to reduce workload. Trust in AI was limited, with only 30% believing it could enhance patient trust. Ethical concerns were prominent, particularly regarding loss of human interaction (63%) and data privacy risks (53%). Only 38% considered large-scale AI implementation feasible in the Moroccan context. Conclusions Moroccan medical students demonstrate cautious optimism toward AI but limited readiness for its integration into clinical practice. Structured AI education, with emphasis on ethics, data protection, and context-adapted implementation, is essential to support safe and effective adoption

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