SOCIOECONOMIC DETERMINANTS OF CONSUMPTION CHOICE FOR COOKING FUELS AMONG RURAL HOUSEHOLDS IN JOS-NORTH, NIGERIA
Résumé
Most of the rural households in Nigeria still face challenges in accessing clean and affordable energy as they face dependence on biomass fuels despite the health and environmental risks. This study examines the socioeconomic determinants of cleaner fuel usage among rural households in Jos-North, Plateau State, using primary data from 113 households selected through a multi-stage sampling technique. Descriptive statistics, a Weighted Average Index, a binary logit regression model, correlation analysis, and a pre–post adoption comparison were employed for analysis. Results show that charcoal (92%) and firewood (82%) dominate household energy use, reflecting strong affordability constraints. The regression model (pseudo-R² = 0.681) identifies income (OR = 1.672) and fuel cost (OR = 0.458) as the most significant determinants of cleaner fuel adoption, alongside household size, education, perception, and access. A significant negative correlation (r = -0.62; p < 0.01) indicates that poorer households pay higher effective prices for cleaner fuels, reinforcing energy poverty. Nevertheless, households that transitioned to cleaner fuel recorded an 18% reduction in total fuel expenditure, improved health outcomes, and substantial time savings. The findings point to four integrated policy priorities: progressive subsidies, price stabilization, infrastructure expansion, and awareness interventions, all of which are essential to accelerate equitable clean cooking transitions and achieve sustainable energy goals.
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