Promoting Pumped Hydroelectric Energy Storage for Sustainable Power Generation in Cameroon: An Assessment of Local Opportunities

Résumé

This thesis addresses the global question of grid-connected utility-scale energy storage for the integration of energy generated from variable sources, in the context energy transition. Specifically it focus on the case of Cameroon with the objective to formulate an objective point of view about the idea of promoting the pumped hydroelectric energy storage (PHES) alternative for sustainable power generation in Cameroon. To reach this objective, some key aspects supporting the need for bulk energy storage in the power system of Cameroon were analysed, based on a critical analysis of the country’s power sector. Afterwards, the technical feasibility of inland small-scale PHES operable with limited environmental impact was analysed, using a spatial analysis model implemented in a geographical information systems (GIS). Finally, the compliance of the local PHES opportunities with sustainability requirements was checked, using a multi-criteria decision-making model for PHES siting. As results from this study, massive grid-connected storage was presented as the missing link in the country’s energy commitment. The feasibility of PHES in Cameroon was established as 21 suitable sites were identified totalling an energy storage potential of about 34 GWh, and finally a ranking of these opportunities from a sustainable development perspective was proposed. It was therefore suggested that the Government of Cameroon works with other stakeholders in the power sector to produce a comprehensive energy storage roadmap to valorise the country’s graceful energy assets.

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