Determinants of Soil and Water Conservation Measures for Sustainable Land Management Practices in the Ethiopian Highlands: The Case of Hadi Micro-watershed

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Abstract This study presents an assessment of smallholder farmers’ perception towards adopting soil and water conservation practices in Hadi micro-watershed. The data were collected from 203 sample households using questionnaire, focus group discussions, and interview. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The result of the study revealed that about 60.6% of sample households were adopters and 39.4% were non-adopters of soil and water conservation measures. The study was also focused on soil loss estimation and prioritization based on Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation model using the application of Geographic Information System software. The result of the analysis showed that the mean soil erosion rate of the watershed is 28.063 t/ha/year in the year 2018/2019. Moreover, the total soil loss in the study area is 109,642.25 tons. The results of the binary logistics regression model also revealed that sex of respondents, farm size, access to training, extension service, and access to credit service were positively correlated with the adoption of soil and water conservation measures. On the other hand, age, educational status, family size of household heads, and farm distance were found to be negatively correlated. The result of the study suggests they majority of the farmers are aware and perceived soil erosion by water and land degradation as a problem in their farm plots. Furthermore, they also able to identify the different causes of soil erosion in their land based on their farming experience.

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