Influence of Implant Dimensions on Stress Distribution Within Alveolar Bone of Supported Mandible Using 3D Finite Element Analysis

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Abstract Purpose: The aim of this work is to evaluate the influence of implant dimensions on the stress distribution of implant supported mandible utilizing 3D finite element analysis. Materials and Methods: Six finite element models for completely edentulous patient were created which were corresponded to three different implant diameters (2.9, 3.4 and 3.9 mm) and two implant lengths (11 and 15 mm) grouped into six groups. The models were composed of a core of cancellous bone layer surrounded by a 2mm cortical bone layer, mucosal layer, dental implant vertically placed in the canine area and implant supported overdenture. The models were loaded by 35 N vertical load and 10 N horizontal load; all loads were applied to the first molar of the prosthesis. Results: von Mises stresses were numerically situated at the implant neck. The use of larger diameter or longer implant decrease the maximum stresses within the alveolar bone. Conclusion: Implant parameters affect load transmitting mechanism to the alveolar bone. The results suggested that the use of wider and longer implant as could as accommodated by the ridge might ensure a better biomechanical environment for both implant and alveolar ridge.

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