Mothers’ perceptions regarding the implementation of skin-to-skin contact for their preterm infants in intensive care units of the North West Province: A qualitative study

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Abstract Background Approximately 15 million preterm infants are born globally and require hospital care. The health consequences are significant, with complications from preterm birth representing the leading cause of death for children under 5 years of age globally. Fortunately, the majority of these deaths can be prevented with proper care, such as skin-to-skin contact (SSC). SSC is one of the four components of kangaroo care (KC) and is also a valued alternative to incubators in low-income countries. SSC enhances infant and maternal wellbeing and requires an educational programme for implementation. Therefore, mothers' perceptions regarding the implementation of SSC in intensive care units (ICUs) can be influenced by their understanding of its benefits, as well as the support and education provided by healthcare professionals. The purpose of this study was to explore and describe mothers’ perceptions regarding the implementation of SSC for preterm infants in ICUs in Northwest Province (NWP). Methods We conducted a qualitative descriptive and exploratory study to describe and explore mothers' perceptions regarding the implementation of SSC for preterm infants in intensive care units of Level 2 hospitals in the NWP from September to November 2023. A total of 24 mothers who had preterm infants admitted to ICUs practicing SSC were included in the Focus Group Discussions (FGDs). Four FGDs consisting of six participants were conducted until data saturation was reached. The data were analyzed thematically using the steps proposed by Creswell and Creswell 2017. Results Four main themes were identified, namely, knowledge of SSC, perceived benefits of SSC, challenges experienced by mothers during the implementation of SSC, and support needs for mothers regarding the implementation of SSC, and nine subthemes emerged. Conclusions SSC for preterm infants in intensive care units has been found to have positive effects on both mothers and neonates. Mothers perceive SSC as a method of warmth that facilitates bonding and promoting breastfeeding. The findings can inform the programme and preparedness strategies needed to support the implementation of SSC in ICUs.

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