Role of agroforestry parklands in livelihood supports in the rural area of the Sahelo-Sudanian zone in Niger

Résumé

Abstract Several studies were made in Niger, but there is little data on agroforestry studies in two relatively different ecosystems. Therefore, the aim is to determine the services provided by agroforestry parklands and carbon stock estimation in the two villages. Firstly, a survey was carried out to highlight the benefits derived from agroforestry parklands to rural populations. Secondly, a forest inventory was used based on a systematic random sampling approach by transect. Finally, the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was used. The study recorded 25 woody species in Dan Saga and 24 in Sekoukou village where there is more dominance of the Fabaceae family species (43.48% in Dan Saga and 58.34% in Sekoukou) followed respectively by Anacardiaceae and Combretaceae (8.7% and 12.5%). Dendrometric surveys showed relative low tree density (23 stems/ha at Dan Saga and 14 stem/ha at Sekoukou), a bell-shaped diameter structure showing a strong dominance of intermediate diameter trees ([20 cm; 30 cm [) and a low representativeness tree with extreme diameters ([0; 10 cm and [70 cm; → [), The soil cover (more than 50%) and the regeneration rate are more than 80% in both localities. The analysis of variances gives a significant difference (P-value < 0.05) in all dendrometric parameters as well as the carbon content, except for the density and the diameter of the trees. Shannon-Wiener index (intra-ecosystem diversity) and the Pielou equitability index are relatively low but similar to the mean Sørensen index. The estimated carbon stock rises to 5.67 t/ha in Dan Saga and 7.02 t/ha in Sekoukou. The NDVI of the two areas varies from]0; 1 [from 2001 to 2013, thus showing evolutionary vegetation (biomass) dynamic characterized by low vegetation cover in 2001 but increased in 2013 in both villages.

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