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Assessing the histidine-rich protein 2/3 gene deletion in Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Burkina Faso

Article scientifique 2023 Anglais

Résumé

Abstract Introduction. Dual hrp2/hrp3 genes deletions in P. falciparum isolates are increasingly reported in malaria-endemic countries and can produce false negative RDT results leading to inadequate case management. Data on the frequency of hrp2/hrp3 deleted parasites are rarely available and it has become necessary to investigate the issue in Burkina Faso Methods. Plasmodium falciparum-positive dried blood spots were collected during the peak of transmission from Orodara, Gaoua, and Banfora. Amplicons from the target regions (exon 2 of hrp2 and hrp3 genes) were generated using multiplexed nested PCR and sequenced according to Illumina’s MiSeq protocol Results. A total of 251 parasite isolates were sequenced to detect hrp2 and hrp3 gene deletion. The proportion of negative cases detected by RDTs was 12.7% (32/251). The highest prevalence of negative RDTs was found in Gaoua (9.6%), followed by Orodara (2.0%), and Banfora (1.2%). Our study found that 95.6% of the parasite isolates were wild type hrp2/ hrp3 while 4.4 % (11/251) had a single hrp2 deletion. Of the 11 hrp2deletion samples, 2 samples were RDT negatives (mean parasitaemia was 83 parasites/ μL) while 9 samples were RDT positive with a median parasitaemia of 520 parasites /μL (CI95%: 192-1239). The highest frequency hrp2 deletion 4/35 (11.4%) was found in Orodara, while it was similar in the other two sites (< 3.5%). No single deletion of the hrp3 or dual deletion hrp2/3 gene was detected through this study. Conclusion. Results demonstrate that P. falciparum isolates lacking hrp2 genes are present in 4.4% of samples. They are circulating and causing malaria, but they are also still detectable by HRP2-based RTDs due to the presence of the intact pfhrp3 gene.

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Casimire, T., Harouna, S., Mafama, S., Débé, S., Kinda, R., Adama, G., Gérard, N., Farida, T., Winnie, B., Kassoum, Y., Aladari, S., Sonia, I., Esther, H., Moussa, G., N’Falé, S., Traoré, Y., Didier, M., Gansané, A. (2023). Assessing the histidine-rich protein 2/3 gene deletion in Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Burkina Faso. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3145248/v1

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Auteur(s)

Tarama Wendlamita Casimire Soré Harouna Siribié Mafama Siaka Débé Rene Kinda Ganou Adama Nonkani Wendyam Gérard Tiendrebeogo Farida Bantango Winnie Yira Kassoum Sagnon Aladari Ilboudo Sonia Hien Yéri Esther Guelbéogo Wandaogo Moussa Sagnon N’Falé Yves Traoré Menard Didier Adama Gansané

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