Physico-chemical proprieties of Almond residues (Shells & hulls) collected from the northern region of Morocco (Fez-Meknes)

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Abstract In Morocco, the Almond sector is among the most developed agricultural activities since 2008, which has seen its area increases by 13% in less than 4 years. The industrial transformation of this fruit has not ceased to develop, leaving behind 80% of products, which are generally incinerated or dumped in nature. Their valorization becomes a necessity to protect the environment and even to bring an additional value to them. This work aims at characterizing the industrial residues of Almonds from Fez- Meknes region, namely the Almond Hull (AH) and the Almond Shell (AS), by ICP- AES, SEM-EDX, TG-DTG, DRX and FTIR. The structural morphology of AH shows fibrous appearance, while that of AS is characterized by the existence of cavities in the form of holes and pores. A high content of extractives was noted for AH, however AS are rich of lignocellulosic compounds. The crystallinity index of Cellulose I has been studied and a total mass loss of 90% for AH and 95% for AS has been obtained after Thermogravimetric analysis at 800°C.This study has helped to clarify the different physico-chemical properties of this type of waste in order to open the way to appropriate applications.

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