Response of Three Wheat Varieties to Nitrogen Levels, Seeding Rates and Their Combination: 1. Growth Analysis

Résumé

Two field experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of three nitrogen fertilizer levels, i.e. 60, 80 and 100 kg N/fed One feddan = 4200m2 = 2.4h, three seeding rates, i.e. 40, 60 and kg grains/fed on growth analysis of three wheat varieties (Giza-171, Gemmiza-12 and Shandawil-1) where randomly kept in main plots, sub plots and sub-subplots, respectively at Agricultural and Experiments Research Station, Giza, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Egypt during 2018/2019 and 219/2020 seasons. The estimated studied growth characters were: Leaf area (LA) at 40, 60 and 80 days after sowing (DAS), leaf area index (LAI) at 40, 60 and 80 DAS, crop grow rate (CGR), Relative growth rate (RGR) and nit assimilation rate (NAR) at two periods (40-60 and 60-8 DAS) and flag leaf area (FLA) at 80 DAS. Results indicated that nitrogen fertilizer levels had significant effect on all studied characters in both season, except LA at 40 DAS, CGR at both periods in the first season and LA at 40 and 60 DAS, NAR at both periods in the second season. Application of either 100 or 80 kg N/fed recorded the highest values of the most of studied characters in first and second season, respectively. Seeding rates significantly affected all studied traits in both season, except LAI at 80 DAS, RGA at 60 DAS, NAR at the first period and FLA in the first season and LA at all dates, RGR at second period and NAR at both periods in the second season. The highest of the most studied traits wee obtained with planting wheat with either 60 or 80 kg grains/fed. Among verities, Giza-171 followed by Gemmiza-12 recorded the highest significant values from all studied characters in both seasons. Concerning the interaction between all studied factors, significant effect on LAI at 40 and 80 DAS, CGR at both periods, RGR at second period and FLA in the first season was found. On the other hand, this interaction significantly affected the most of studied characters in first season. It could be conclude that planting Giza-171 with 80 kg grains/fed and application of 100 kg N/fed could produced the highest values of the most of studied growth characters under the experimental site and the similar conditions.

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