Editorial: Women in drugs outcomes research and policies: 2021

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Editorial on the Research Topic Women in drugs outcomes research and policiesScience and gender equality are essential to ensure sustainable development.However, according to UNESCO, less than 30% of researchers worldwide are women.This Research Topic from Frontiers in Pharmacology aims to highlight research developed by female scientists whose line of work focuses on research, practice, and policy regarding access to costeffective medicines and healthcare services.We have selected five articles to include in the Research Topic namely one opinion piece, one review article and three original research articles.To a certain extent the collection aims to mimic the drug cycle, from the development and clinical trial stage to market entry until drug use, covering prescribing, dispensing and drug utilization by patients.The opinion piece by Sarri focuses on the value of real-world evidence to inform healthcare decisions.It provides a good overview of how data that are generated in a real-world environment can offer complementary evidence to randomized clinical trials, particularly by offering additional information such as the long-term effects of technologies, but also by leveraging clinicians' expectations concerning the real risk-benefit ratio of these technologies when used in non-targeted populations.The author also challenges us to reflect on the role of real-world designs used to collate evidence about the experiences faced by disadvantaged populations and the extent to which barriers in access to healthcare may impact on the true value of technologies.The expansion of traditional cost-effective models is proposed to quantify health equality impacts.Zhao et al. analyzed 72 registered clinical drug trials on pregnant women in China, with a focus on three factors namely osteoporosis, cancer, and assisted reproduction.The study highlights the significant shortage of safety trials for pregnancy-related drugs.The Research Topic aims to mimic the drug cycle; from the development of clinical trials to market entry

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