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Endocrine disruption rewards: bisphenol-A-induced reproductive toxicity and the precision ameliorative potential of flavonoids in preclinical studies. A systematic review and meta-analysis

Article scientifique 2025 Anglais

Résumé

Introduction Bisphenol A (BPA), a pervasive endocrine-disrupting chemical, impairs male reproductive health via oxidative stress, hormonal dysregulation, and hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis disruption. Flavonoids, widely present in plant-derived foods and medicinal herbs, possess antioxidant and steroidogenic modulatory properties that may counteract BPA toxicity, yet preclinical findings remain inconsistent. This study aims to systematically evaluate and quantitatively synthesize preclinical evidence on the protective effects of flavonoids against BPA-induced male reproductive toxicity. Methods Using PRISMA 2020 guidelines, Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed were searched up to September 2024. Eligible studies involved BPA exposure in male rodents with flavonoid co-treatment and reported reproductive endpoints. Hormonal and oxidative stress biomarkers were pooled using a random-effects model, expressed as standardized mean differences (SMDs), with heterogeneity assessed by I 2 statistics. Twenty studies were included. Results BPA significantly reduced testosterone (SMD = −4.91), estradiol (SMD = −2.72), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) (SMD = −7.71), and luteinizing hormone (SMD = −5.54), while increasing malondialdehyde and reducing antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GPx, and GSH). Discussion Flavonoid co-treatment significantly improved hormonal profiles and oxidative balance, with the greatest recovery in FSH. High heterogeneity (I 2 > 84%) reflected variability in doses, treatment duration, compound purity, and species. Flavonoids exhibit marked ameliorative potential against BPA-induced reproductive toxicity in preclinical models, largely through hormonal regulation and oxidative stress mitigation. Standardized protocols and dose–response studies are essential to enhance reproducibility and translational relevance.

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Okon, M., Fasogbon, I., Swase, D., Dangana, R., Makena, W., Ojiakor, V., Etukudo, E., Chebet, J., Musyoka, A., Ifie, S., Mbyemeire, H., Mbina, S., Ugwu, O., Oviosun, A., Usman, I., Ifie, J., Rangasamy, L., Olorunnisola, O., Mounmbegna, P., Noreen, S., Aja, P. (2025). Endocrine disruption rewards: bisphenol-A-induced reproductive toxicity and the precision ameliorative potential of flavonoids in preclinical studies. A systematic review and meta-analysis. https://doi.org/10.3389/ftox.2025.1687862

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Auteur(s)

Michael Ben Okon Ilemobayo Victor Fasogbon Dominic Swase Reuben Samson Dangana Wusa Makena Vivian Onyinye Ojiakor Ekom Monday Etukudo Joan Chebet Angela Mumbua Musyoka Sandra Etumah Ifie Herbert Mbyemeire Solomon Adomi Mbina Okechukwu Paul-Chima Ugwu Augustine Oviosun Ibe Michael Usman Josiah Eseoghene Ifie Loganathan Rangasamy Olubukola Sinbad Olorunnisola Philippe Mounmbegna Sana Noreen Patrick Maduabuchi Aja

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