Survival Status and its predictors among Patients Admitted to Pediatric Intensive Care Unit at Selected Tertiary Care Hospitals in Ethiopia: A Prospective Observational Study

Résumé

Abstract Background: Advances in pediatric intensive care have radically improved the prognosis for critically sick patients. Despite high burden of critically ill patients in low-income countries, there is scarce evidence on the incidence of mortality and its predictors among patients admitted to Intensive care unit (ICU) in Ethiopia. Therefore, we designed this study to determine the survival status and predictors of mortality among patients admitted to pediatric ICU at selected tertiary care hospitals in Ethiopia.Methods: A prospective observational study involving 206 admitted patients from October 2020 to May 30, 2021 was conducted in selected tertiary care hospital in Ethiopia. Data were collected on socio-demographic, clinical characteristics, treatment-related variables and entered into Epi-data version 4.6, and then exported to SPSS version 23.0 for analysis. Kaplan-Meier was used to compare the survival experience of the patients and Cox regression was used to identify independent predictors of in-ICU mortality. The hazard ratio was used as a measure of the strength of association and a p-value of < 0.05 was considered to declare statistical significance. Results: Fifty-nine (28.6%) patients were died during follow-up time, and the incidence of mortality was 3.6 deaths per 100 person-day observation. The mean ± SD survival times among patients with infectious and non-infectious related illnesses were 19.96 ± 1.84 and 27.24 ± 2.52 days respectively (log rank p = 0.08). Respiratory failure 19 (32.2%) was the commonest cause of death. In-ICU complications (AHR: 2.13; 95%CI: [1.02, 4.42]; p = 0.04), sepsis diagnosis (AHR: 2.43; 95%CI: [1.24, 4.78]; p = 0.01), GCS<8 (AHR: 1.96; 95%CI: [1.12, 3.43]; p = 0.02), use of sedative drugs (AHR: 2.40; 95%CI: [1.16, 4.95]; p = 0.02) were linked with increased risk of in-ICU mortality. In contrast, the use of mechanical ventilation was associated with decreased mortality (AHR: 0.45; 95%CI: [0.21, 0.92]; p = 0.03).Conclusion: The study found high incidence of in-ICU mortality among admitted pediatrics patients in selected Ethiopian tertiary care hospitals. In-ICU complications, sepsis diagnosis, GCS<8, and patient use of sedative drugs were independent predictors of in-ICU mortality. Prudent follow up is warranted for those patients with aforementioned risk factors.

Citer ce document

Accès au document

Ce document est hébergé sur son dépôt institutionnel d'origine.

Auteur(s)

Statistiques

Consultations : 1

Téléchargements : 0