Hemispherical Solar Distiller With Truncated Circular Cone-Shaped Reflector Mirrors ( TCC-RM)

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Abstract The present study aims to achieve the highest cumulative yield of the hemispherical distillers, by designing and constructing new reflector mirrors, which are truncated circular cone-shaped reflector mirrors (TCC-RM). To obtain the optimum inclination of TCC-RM that achieves a highest hemispherical distiller’s performance, eight inclination angles (10o, 15o, 20o, 25o, 30o, 35o, 40o and 45o with vertical) was experimentally studied. To achieve this, a series of experimental tests were carried out on the three hemispherical solar distillers, the first represents the reference distiller (traditional hemispherical solar distiller- THSD) and the other two devices are the hemispherical solar distiller with truncated circular cone-shaped reflector mirrors (HSD-TCCRM) with different inclination angles. The experimental results indicate that utilizing TCC-RM with a 25o inclination angle achieve the maximum cumulative yield of 8.35 L/m2 with an improvement of 42.74% compared to THSD. While the utilization of TCC-RM with the inclination angles by 30o, 35o, 20o, 40o, and 15o achieves the cumulative yield of 7.9, 7.3, 7.05, 6.67, 6.6 L/m2 compared with 5.85 L/m2 for THSD. On the contrary, adjusting the inclination angle of TCC-RM at 10o, and 45o affects negatively the cumulative yield of the HSD with TCC-RM in comparison with THSD. Based on the data of cumulative yield, daily efficiency, and the economics analysis its recommended to utilized TCC-RM with a 25o inclination angle to achieve the highest performance and minimum distillate cost of hemispherical solar distillers.

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