Seroprevalence of Brucella Infection and Associated Factors among Pregnant Women Receiving Antenatal Care around Human, Wildlife and Livestock Interface in Ngorongoro Ecosystem, Northern Tanzania. A Cross Sectional Study

Résumé

Abstract Background Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease transmitted to human through contact with infected animals, animal products or consumption of infected dairy products. Infection during pregnancy is of special interest due to associated adverse pregnancy outcome. This study determined the sero-prevalence and factors associated with Brucella infection among pregnant women around human-wildlife-livestock interface area in Ngorongoro Ecosystem, Northern Tanzania. Methods Pregnant women receiving antenatal care were invited to participate in a cross sectional study between April and May 2018. A structured questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic and obstetric characteristics in addition to behavior and practices related to human brucellosis. Presence of serum immunoglobulin against Brucella was determined using Rose Bengal Plate Test. The positive samples were further assayed for presence of IgG and IgM using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent assay. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20. Results The overall Sero-prevalence of Brucella infection was 10.9%. Of 34 sero-positive individuals, 27(79.4%) had IgG antibodies while 8(23.5%) had IgM antibodies indicating 2.6% (8/313) recent infection. Regular contact with manure (OR 3.59, 95% CI 1.19 – 10.80, p = 0.023), consumption of raw milk (OR 3.58, 95% CI 1.12–11.39, p = 0.031), raw meat (OR 3.07, 95% CI 1.28 – 7.35, p = 0.012) and raw blood (OR 3.16, 95% CI 1.25–7.95, p = 0.015), increased the odds of being infected with Brucella. Majority of social-demographic and obstetric factors were not associated with the occurrence of brucellosis Conclusion Brucellosis is highly prevalent in areas with interactions of humans; livestock and wildlife. The risk of infection increased with regular contact with manure and consumption of raw foodstuff. These findings emphasize the need for interventional strategies to reduce risk of exposure and improve early detection of infection in pregnant women.

Citer ce document

Accès au document

Ce document est hébergé sur son dépôt institutionnel d'origine.

Auteur(s)

Statistiques

Consultations : 1

Téléchargements : 0