Amyloid goiter: A Tunisian case series

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Introduction: Amyloidosis is a systemic disease caused by amyloid chain deposition. The thyroid is a very uncommon location. The prevalence of amyloid goiter is estimated to be 0.17. Cases presentation: We report three cases of amyloid goiter (AG). Three men, aged between 30 and 42 years, were hospitalized in the medical department. Compressive signs were present in one patient. All the patients had normal thyroid hormone levels. Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA) revealed amyloid deposition in one case. All the patients underwent total thyroidectomy. All patients underwent surgery without complications and were treated with L thyroxine replacement therapy. A pathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of AG. A literature review was conducted using PubMed from 2019 to 2024. Conclusion: Amyloid deposition is rarely associated with thyroid dysfunction. The discovery circumstance is generally thyroid enlargement and may be associated with compressive signs. Compressive and rapid enlargement of the thyroid may be an indication for surgery. FNA is generally less informative than core biopsy and surgery . Thyroidectomy is a therapeutic and diagnostic procedure. Clinicians should consider amyloid deposition in front of a growing goiter, particularly when systemic amyloidosis is known.

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