Chemical composition of Artemesia herba alba essential oil and its larvicidal and pupicidal effects against Culex pipiens (Diptera; Culicidae)

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Abstract Aretemisia herba alba Asso (A.herba alba) (Asteraceae) is widely used in herbal medicine it has a real mine of natural molecules like davanone which is a very interesting product on the international market. The present research proposes a method for controlling the pre-imaginary stages of Culex pipiens (L4 and pupae) based on essential oil of Artemisia herba alba. The aerial part of this plant was extracted by hydrodistillation which gave a yield of 1.5. Then it was analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to the mass spectrometry (CPG / SM) for the determination of its chemical composition. The results of the analysis showed that the oil of A.herba alba is a davanone chemotype which consists mainly of davanone (48.8%). Three concentrations (1µl/ml, 5µl/ml and 10µl/ml) are prepared and directly tested on larvae (L4) and pupae. The results show that the essential oils have an important larvicidal and pupicidal activity. This efficiency is expressed by the calculated toxicological parameters which are successively LC50 and LC90, for larvae 3.278 µl/ml and 7.573 µl/ml, and for pupae 1.213 µl/ml and 2.288 µl/ml.

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