Innate Lymphoid Cell Disturbance in Henoch-Schonlein Purpura

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Abstract Background: Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are tissue-residentlymphoidcellswhichare enriched inthe barrier surfaces andparticipateininitialimmuneresponseagainstpathogens.Itisreportedthat ILCs are dysfunctional in various human diseases. ILCs is the bridge between innate immunity and adaptive immunity, while Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP)meet these characters, early innate and later adaptive immune response. Submucosal lymphotissue is mainly IgA produced area, where ILCs resident. Increasing data confirmed thatmucosal immune and IgA is related with HSP. The relationship between ILCs and HSP (IgA vasculitis) remains unclear.Methods:ILCs subsets and lymphocyte subpopulation were characterized in the peripheral blood (PB)of normal controls and patients of HSPand the cell surface markers expression were detected by flow cytometry. We also correlated the frequencies of each ILCs subset in PB with lymphocyte subpopulation and serum IgA in HSP patients.Results: The difference of ILCs/Lymphocytes andILCs/PBMC in patientswithHSP andnormalcontrols was statistically significant. The proportion of ILC1 significantly increased and ILC3 decreased in HSP patients. Moreover, the percentage of ILC1 significantly decreased and ILC3 increased in HSP patients after treatment. The difference of ILCs/Lymphocytes and ILCs/PBMC in the arthritis type and mixed type of HSP was also statistically significant in comparison with normal controls.Conclusions: Our study indicates that the increased circulating ILC3 and decreased circulating ILC1 might be helpful for the pathogenesis of HSPthrough mediating type 3 immune response?

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