Applicability of 3D laser scanning and close-range photogrammetry for geotechnical laboratory tests

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Abstract Non-contact surveying strategies such as terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) and digital close-range photogrammetry (DCRP), have recently become popular as surveying techniques due to their rapid deployment and high accuracy. The critical issue that researchers typically face is the limited number of LVDTs or dial gauges available in laboratories, and occasionally it might be physically challenging to install several gauges in the testing facilities. Consequently, the primary objective of this paper is to examine the present viability and benefits of employing TLS and DCRP techniques in monitoring geotechnical applications. Calibration of these methods was performed through two laboratory tests: (1) monitoring of secant pile walls (SPW) as well as the soil movements; and (2) axial compression tests on SPW. The findings reveal that the discrepancy between traditional measurement methods and the TLS approach is less than 3.0%, whereas the difference between traditional methods and DCRP is under 1.8%. Furthermore, both DCRP and TLS techniques are capable of precisely tracking initial deformations, geometric irregularities, deficiencies in the samples (including pre-buckling phenomena), and deformations of the soil tank at each stage of loading. In conclusion, TLS and DCRP methods were found to offer accurate and advantageous alternatives for geotechnical monitoring, notably their capacity for the automatic collection and analysis of an unlimited number of measurement points.

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