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Prevalence of Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR) Salmonella Typhi from Stool of Patients Attending Tertiary Medical Facilities in Makurdi, Benue State

Article scientifique 2024 Anglais

Résumé

Typhoid fever has continued to persist as a major health problem and poses emergence of Multi-Drug-Resistant (MDR) Salmonella typhi to commonly used antibiotics as a great challenge in its treatment.Transmission occurs by the consumption of contaminated food and water, and has remained endemic in developing countries of Africa and Asia due to poor hygienic and sanitary conditions.The aim of this paper is to investigate the prevalence of MDR Salmonella typhi isolated from stool samples of patients attending Benue State University Teaching Hospital (BSUTH) and Federal Medical Centre (FMC), Makurdi.A total of four hundred (400) stool samples were collected from patients.Salmonella typhi was isolated using Selenite broth, Salmonella Shigella agar and Xylose Lysine Deoxycholate agar.The isolates were purified on Bismuth Sulfite agar and identified using cultural and biochemical characteristics.Isolation rate of S. typhi in the study area was 43.8% (n=175).The antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the S. typhi isolates showed that 48% (n=84) were resistant to one or more class (es) of antibiotics.The isolates demonstrated the highest resistance to the fluoroquinolone (ciprofloxacin) (28.6%; n=24) followed by macrolide (azithromycin).All the isolates were however, susceptible to carbapenem (imipenem) and aminoglycoside (chloramphenicol).None showed combined resistance to all the antibiotics at a particular time.Isolates from BSUTH (60.1%) were more resistant to multiple antibiotics than those of FMC.The differences in the occurrence rate of MDR strains with respect to location was statistically significant (χ 2 =27.459, df=8, p < 0.05).One important finding of this work is the high rate of resistance demonstrated by S. typhi to fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin) which unfortunately, is the most widely used antibiotic by the health care practitioners among the studied hospitals in the treatment of typhoid fever.

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Odiniya, J., Tracy, A., Odo, J. (2024). Prevalence of Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR) Salmonella Typhi from Stool of Patients Attending Tertiary Medical Facilities in Makurdi, Benue State. https://doi.org/10.19080/aibm.2024.18.555991

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Auteur(s)

Joshua Adah Odiniya Aernan Paulyn Tracy J.I. Ofuebe A.N. Odo

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