Analysing the adequacy of domestic and international legal frameworks for the protection of children’s rights: A South African perspective
Résumé
The purpose of this article was to examine how well South Africa’s domestic and international legal frameworks protect children’s rights, especially in custody disputes where abuse is alleged. This study analysed the adequacy of domestic and international legal frameworks for the protection of children’s rights in South Africa, with a particular focus on custody disputes involving allegations of child abuse. A qualitative, desktop-based research methodology is adopted, drawing on legislation, case law, policy documents, and existing academic literature. The study addresses the following legal questions: (i) How effective is the domestic legal framework that governs child abuse in custody disputes? (ii) How do courts interpret and apply child protection laws in custody proceedings? The study examined the degree to which the “best interests of the child” principle is applied to determine custody outcomes involving primary caregivers. In addition, it assesses how international legal instruments influence South Africa’s child protection regime. The findings indicate that while the legal framework, including the Children’s Act 38 of 2005, provides a strong rights-based foundation, inconsistencies in judicial interpretation and implementation weaken its effectiveness. It recommends stronger judicial training, improved enforcement mechanisms, and better integration of international standards into domestic law. The study concludes that despite a progressive legal framework, challenges in enforcement, judicial consistency, and procedural delays continue to undermine child protection in custody disputes. This study will contribute to the advancement of South African child protection jurisprudence.
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