Development and Validation of The Dietary Habits Scale (DHS) for Caregivers Among Nigerian Adults
Résumé
Dietary habits play a crucial role in health outcomes, yet assessment tools often focus on nutrient intake rather than overall eating patterns. This study was geared to develop and validate the Dietary Habits Scale (DHS) and compare its psychometric properties with the Intuitive Eating Scale (IES-2). A mixed-methods approach was used to develop the DHS. Item generation involved literature review, expert consultation, and focus groups. The 26-item DHS and IES-2 were administered to 64 adult caregivers of hospitalized patients, equally distributed by sex (32 males and 32 females) and age 18 to 35 years. Split half reliability for the Dietary Habit Scale (DHS) yielded a Guttman Split half coefficient of 0.733 which is a high correlation, indicating the high consistency of scores. For validity, the scale was correlated with the Intuitive Eating Scale (IES-2), and it yielded a divergent validity of 0.107 and an inter-item correlation of 0.057. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) revealed a 6-factor structure for DHS: Balanced diet, Protein, Carbohydrate, Fats and Oil, Vitamins and Minerals, and Water. The DHS is a reliable and valid tool for assessing dietary habits in adults as well as caregivers, demonstrating better psychometric properties. However, the small sample size is major limitation, and further validation in larger, more diverse populations is needed. Pending broader validation, the DHS maybe use to inform targeted interventions to promote healthy eating patterns.
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