Investigation on Five Years (2010 – 2014) Food Poisonings Recorded in Bamenda and Ndop Public Hospitals, Cameroon

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ABSTRACT Context. In Cameroon, food poisoning has become a public health concern. Objectives. This study aimed to provide information on food poisoning cases recorded in four (4) main public hospitals (Regional Hospital Bamenda, Bambui Health District, PMI Hospital and Ndop Health District) of the North-West Region, from 2010 to 2014. Methods. The collection of data was based on extracting patients’ information from daily record books of the hospitals using a form. Data analysis was performed using statistical software package SPSS 16.0. Results. Among 323,169 persons consulted, 252 peoples were poisoned through food: 48% women and 52% men aged between 1 and 70 years with highest number raging between 5 and 35 years old (85%); the year 2011 recorded the highest number of food intoxicated patients (26%), most of the patients were farmers and students; Bamenda Regional Hospital scored the highest number (42%); Mile 4, Bambui and Akum were sectors presenting the highest number of residents (total of 27%); pesticides were the most frequent toxic, over the 252 people consulted, only 75% recovered; the most frequent symptoms were vomiting, diarrhea, stomachache and headache; foods consumed were indigenous (Achu, fufu corn, fresh cassava, plantains, sweet potatoes, beans, meat among others ) and water; treatment given was indigenous (milk, red oil and charcoal) or adequate medicines once received in the hospital. Conclusion. Education on good hygienic practices becomes necessary for the population and farmers should be trained on handling, manipulating and storing pesticides methods. RESUME Contexte. Au Cameroun, les intoxications alimentaires font legion. Objective. Cette etude a pour objectif de recolter les informations sur des intoxications alimentaires recus dans quelques hopitaux de la Region Nord-Ouest, Cameroun : Regional Hospital Bamenda, Bambui Health District, PMI Hospital et Ndop Health District), entre 2010 et 2014. Methodes. Les informations collectees, a l’aide d’un formulaire, sont issues des donnees mentionnees dans les enregistres au sujet des malades empoisonnes. L’analyse des donnees s’est faite a l’aide du logiciel statistique SPSS 16.0. Resultats. Ils montrent que : 323,169 personnes ont ete consultees pendant cette periode, parmi elles 252 avaient ete intoxiques par des aliments, soient 48% femmes et 52% hommes dont l’âge variait de 1 a 70 ans avec une forte concentration entre 5 et 35 ans (85%); l’annee 2011 presente le niveau de frequence le plus elevee (26%); la majorite des patients etaient des agriculteurs et eleves (etudiants); Mile 4, Bambui et Akum sont des zones d’origine de plusieurs patients (27%); les pesticides etaient le toxique le plus recurrent ; seulement 75% des patients ont recouvre leur etat de sante normal; les symptomes les plus frequents etaient vomissement, diarrhee, colique et maux de tete; les aliments consommes: taro, couscous mais, plantains, manioc frais, patate douce, haricot, viande et l’eau ; les traitements les plus administres etaient indigenes (lait, charbon actif , huile rouge) ou medicaux. Conclusion. Il s’avere necessaire d’eduquer les populations sur l’hygiene alimentaire et de former les agriculteurs sur les precautions de manutention, manipulation et pulverisation des pesticides.

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