Conversion of calcium hydroxide fouled with gases evolved from smokestack of glass industry to calcium hydroxyapatite

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Abstract Conversion of industrial wastes to valuable products has become a global requirement to reduce the pollution of environment. This study intended to utilize the solid waste of calcium hydroxide fouled with gases which produced from smokestacks of glass industry by using low-cost and simple procedure. In the current work, this waste was converted to calcium sulfate by treatment with sulfuric acid for preparation of calcium hydroxyapatite (HAp) nanoparticles. The produced HAp was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to evaluate the crystalline structure and main functional groups. The thermal stability, the particle size and morphology were studied by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The obtained results confirmed that the produced HAp is well-crystalline, with main surface functional groups of hydroxyapatite which appeared as rods-like of particle size ranged from 11 to 15 nm. Also, the obtained HAp has Ca/P ratio of 1.60 and exhibited high total surface area of 146 m2/g with mesoporous structure leading to this material can be used in medical and water purification applications.

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