Surgical Treatment of Malignant Soft Tissue Tumors at the Oncological Surgery Unit of Conakry

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Introduction: Malignant soft tissue tumours (MSCTs) are mainly represented by sarcomas, and their incidence varies. The aim of this study was to describe the surgical treatment of MPMT in the surgical oncology unit of the Donka National Hospital. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study carried out over a period of 14 years (2007 to 2021), covering patients with histologically confirmed malignant soft tissue tumours who had received specific treatment. Results: We compiled 83 records of patients with histologically confirmed soft tissue tumours, 12 (14.4%) of whom were treated surgically and 15 (18.1%) medically with chemotherapy. The mean age was 39.4 years. The 40-49 age group accounted for 6 (22.2%) cases. Women predominated in 14 (51.8%) cases. The average consultation time was 26.2 months. The thigh and the knee were the sites represented in 7 (26.0%) and 6 (22.2%) cases respectively. Fibrosarcoma was the most common histological type in 12 (44.4%) cases, followed by rhabdomyosarcoma in 9 (33.3%) cases. Clinical stages III and VI accounted for 13 (48.1%) and 8 (29.6%) cases respectively. Seven (58.3%) cases underwent wide excision and 5 (41.7%) cases underwent amputation. Node dissection was inguinal in 5 (100.0%) cases. Resection was R0 in 8 (66.6%) cases. Post-operative follow-up was good in 11 (91.6%) cases. One case of lymphoedema of the limb and chronic pain was recorded. Conclusion: The management of malignant soft tissue tumours is fraught with difficulties in our context, as the diagnosis is usually made at a late stage. Early, planned and correctly performed initial surgical treatment has a major impact on prognosis.

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