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Emtricitabine-induced pure red cell aplasia

Article scientifique 2019 Anglais

Résumé

INTRODUCTION: Anemia is common in HIV. Parvo B19 infection is a well-recognised cause of red cell aplasia. Other causes of persistent pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) include anti-retroviral drugs such as zidovudine and lamivudine. We describe a case of PRCA that strongly implicates emtricitabine as the probable cause. PATIENT PRESENTATION: Patient was HIV positive and on treatment with a fixed drug combination consisting of tenofovir, emtricitabine and efavirenz for 3 months when she developed severe transfusion dependent anemia. The anemia, attributed to PRCA, was persistent and transfusion dependent for about one year. MANAGEMENT AND OUTCOME: Replacement of emtricitabine with abacavir resulted in a prompt, complete and lasting resolution of the anaemia, suggesting an etiologic role of emtricitabine in the PRCA. CONCLUSION: Emtricitibine is a rare cause of pure red cell aplasia.

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Manickchund, N., Plessis, C., John, M., Manzini, T., Gosnell, B., Lessells, R., Moosa, M. (2019). Emtricitabine-induced pure red cell aplasia. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajhivmed.v20i1.983

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Nithendra Manickchund Camille du Plessis Melanie-Anne A. John Thandekile C. Manzini Bernadett I. Gosnell Richard Lessells Mahomed‐Yunus S. Moosa

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