Public Health Supply Chain Performance of Primary Health Care Units, Gamo zone, SNNPR, Ethiopia

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Abstract Method A convergent parallel mixed-method was adopted. Quantitative data were collected from 46 primary healthcare units between April 01 and May 30, 2021. The study employed stratified simple random sampling method. It was due to variation in LMIS reporting schedule; number and types of tracer drugs being handled; and pharmaceutical storage capacity among levels of primary healthcare units. Logistics records and reports, service registers, physical observation, and interview of key informants were sources of data. The data were analyzed by using SPSS version 20. The result was presented in mean, percentage, and standard deviation. Qualitative data on public health supply chain challenges were collected from key informants using a semi-structured interview guide. The data were analyzed manually using inductive thematic approach and the result was narrated. Results The study revealed that public health supply chain performance of primary health care unit in Gamo zone was low. Inventory management KPIs, LMIS report KPIs, and storage condition KPIs were below the national standard. Means of availability (64.8%±14.8%), stocked according to plan (16.5%±9.5%), inventory accuracy rate (65%±17.2%), and stock out rate (64.9%±9.8%) of tracer drugs in primary health care units deviate from ideal. Likewise, means of LMIS report accuracy rate (64%± 13.6%) and LMIS report completeness (80%±15) for primary healthcare units were lower than the standard. Only 81% of assessed primary health care units adhere to good storage practices. In general, public health supply chain performance decreases across the levels of primary health care units in Gamo zone. LMIS report quality; pharmaceutical distribution; storage condition; public transportation access; supply chain workforce training and motivation; budgeting and finance for logistics activity; and low management support were reported as prevailing challenges. Conclusion Inventory management, LMIS reporting, and storage practices are areas where public health supply chain performance gaps identified. These lead to wastage and interruption of essential medicines, affecting the quality of healthcare delivery at each level of primary healthcare unit.

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