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Prevalence of metabolic syndrome among adults treated at a district hospital outpatient department

Article scientifique 2024 Anglais

Résumé

BACKGROUND: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a collection of risk factors, including hypertension, high fasting blood glucose, high fasting triglyceride and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels that may increase the risk for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of MetS among adults attending a Free State district hospital's outpatient department. METHODS: A cross-sectional study included a consecutive sample of consenting patients 18 years and older from 18 October 2021 to 19 November 2021. Patients' waist circumference was measured, and data were extracted from patients' files. RESULTS: The 409 participants were predominantly females (64.2%). The median age was 60 years. Triglyceride and HDL cholesterol levels were available for 27.4% and 26.9% of patients, respectively. Of the 278 (68.0%) patients with sufficient information to determine their MetS status, 187 (67.3%) had MetS. Of the males with sufficient information, 49.1% (n = 56/114) had MetS compared to 79.9% (n = 131/164) of the females with sufficient information (p 0.001). The age group 60-79 years had the highest prevalence (76.7%, p 0.001). In all race groups, at least two-thirds of patients had MetS (p = 0.831). CONCLUSION: Incomplete patient notes and failure to do investigations led to a third of patients not having sufficient information to determine their MetS status. In patients with sufficient information, a high prevalence of MetS was found.Contribution: This study highlights the challenges of determining MetS retrospectively in an outpatient population and the need for completeness of medical note keeping and routine investigations in high-risk patients. It also notes the high prevalence of MetS.

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Jaarsveldt, C., Jabari, T., Zwarts, E., Färber, S., Sikuza, Y., Schilling, H., Pauw, S., Klein, E., Rooyen, C., Joubert, G., Bijl, C. (2024). Prevalence of metabolic syndrome among adults treated at a district hospital outpatient department. https://doi.org/10.4102/safp.v66i1.5959

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Auteur(s)

Cara Van Jaarsveldt Tlholohelo Jabari Elrine Zwarts Simone Färber Yothando Sikuza Heinrich Schilling Sebastiaan Pauw Elizabeth D. Klein Cornel van Rooyen G Joubert Chantelle C. van der Bijl

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