Pouring From An Empty Cup: Burnout Among Surgical Residents in Central Ethiopia. 2020

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Abstract Background Medical training is academically rigorous and physically and psychologically demanding. Immense clinical responsibilities, substandard work environments, and the toll these take on the mind and body contribute to significant stress. Burnouts emanate from these factors and in turn affect the work performance and satisfaction of an individual at every level of practice. Material and method This is a cross-sectional study involving all surgical residents across all fields of specialty: general surgery, neurosurgery, pediatric surgery, urology, and plastic and reconstructive surgery in Addis Ababa University, College of Health Sciences. Result Of the 190 surgical residents in training at the time of the study, 159 completed the survey, amounting to a response rate of 83%. Following further exclusion of incomplete data, a total of 146 responses were analyzed. Of these, 88 (60%) fulfilled at least one criterion of the sub-scales for burnout while 21 (14.4%) met the criteria for burnout in all sub-scales. Considering the individual contributions of the factors, the result showed that both sleep for more than 6 hours (B=0.357, t=4.6, p<0.001) and residence within the hospital compound (B= 0.229, t=2.96, p=0.004) positively predicted Emotional Exhaustion subscale. In contrast, involvement in extra-professional activities (B=-0.247, t=-3.16, p=0.002) and taking vacations (B=-0.27, t=-3.47, p<0.001) were negative predictors of Depersonalization, while sleep more than 6 hours (B=0.212, t= 2.71 p=0.008) and frequent duties (>1 per week) (B=0.17, t=2.2, p=0.029) positively predicted it. Finally, residence within the hospital compound (B=-0.206, t=-2.62, p=0.01) negatively predicted Personal Accomplishment, while involvement in extra-professional activities (B=0.238, t=-3.03, p=0.003) and being religious (B=0.174, t= 2.21, p=0.028) positively predicted Personal Accomplishment. Conclusion The burnout rate was found to be high (60.3%) among our study population. Engagement in extra-professional activities, religious pursuits, and vacations was protective against at least one burnout sub-scale. Residence within the hospital compound, more frequent duty programs, and longer sleep hours were predictors of at least one of the burnout sub-scales. Institutions at large, and the specific residency programs therein should assess the rate of burnout in their respective programs along with the risk factors in order to dampen the rate and effects of it.

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