HIV transmission model study with imperfect vaccination and treatment

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Abstract This article presents a mathematical model that integrates HIV dynamics with a compartment for chronic diseases. The model takes into account the impact of imperfect vaccination on the spread of HIV, considering the various stages of the disease and the immune response. Model analysis, including the calculation of the basic reproduction number R0, reveals the effect of vaccination on the long-term prevalence of HIV. If R0 > 1, the disease persists, where as if R0 < 1, the disease dies out. The transition of individuals to the chronic disease compartment is also explored. The results emphasize the importance of vaccination efficacy and duration of protection in controlling the spread of HIV and its progression to chronic stages. Relevant implications for HIV prevention and management strategies emerge from this study.

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