Key components of educational programme to implement skin to skin contact for preterm infants in the intensive care units: An integrative literature review

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Abstract Background Skin to skin contact (SSC) has been embraced as an effective and efficient method of neonatal care. South Africa constitutes 60% of low birth weight (LBW) preterm infants’ mortality rate globally. This has led to a concern about the perceptions of the key drivers and parents of preterm infant regarding implementation of skin to skin contact in the intensive care units in an effort to reduce preterm mortality rate. Objective To critically and synthesises research-based literature on available key components of educational programme to implement SSC for preterm infants in the intensive care units. Methods A comprehensive search of electronic databases such as CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, ProQuest and Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition and Health Source-Consumer Edition using different keywords and references lists from the bibliography were searched. Results Twelve articles relevant to this review were identified, read and synthesised to draw the results and conclusions of the research question. Three themes emerged from the findings of this review namely: benefits of SSC, barriers to practice SSC and key components of educational programme which discussed under three subthemes (awareness and training considerations for nursing, support need of parents of preterm infants and policy and implementation regarding SSC). Conclusions An overview of the integrative literature review (ILR) methodology was provided. The authors of this paper have applied the described 5 steps of the integrative literature review process which was conducted as comprehensive as possible to ensure rigorous and ethical review. This paper provides key components of educational programme to implement SSC for preterm infants in the intensive care units. It also shared a lessons regarding SSC between preterm and mothers as evidenced-based practice that should be adopted optimally according to the recommendations from the World Health Organization (WHO) and other national and international organizations.

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