Prevalence of positive chronic kidney Disease screening in professional male long haul drivers at risk of cardiovascular Disease in Lagos, Nigeria: a cross-section study

Résumé

BACKGROUND: Professional drivers are known to be at high risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) on account of the higher prevalence co-occurring risk factors they harbour. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and CVD share similar risk factors. Both impact each other adversely. The renal profile of professional drivers in Nigeria is not well characterised. We decided to study the prevalence of positive CKD screening amongst professional male long distance drivers in Lagos, Southwest Nigeria so as to quantify the burden and its predictors. METHODS: Two hundred and ninety-three drivers were recruited. Details of their socio-demographic characteristics were obtained. Their anthropometric indices, blood pressure, fasting plasma blood glucose and lipid profile were measured. Serum creatinine was measured and estimated glomerular filtration rate, eGFR, was calculated with Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation. Urinary Albumin Creatinine Ratio (UACR) was determined. A 10 year CVD risk of the subjects was calculated with the Framingham Risk Score (FRS). RESULTS: or UACR > 30 mg/g was 51.7% (95% CI; 46.0-57.5). The odds for CKD increased with lower HDL-c levels; OR 3.5 (95% CI, 1.1-11.2; p = 0.03) and longer duration of professional driving > 20 years; OR 2.4(95% CI, 1.5-4.0). CONCLUSION: Professional male long distance drivers in addition to having very high prevalence of clustering of both CVD and CKD risk factors have a significant burden of asymptomatic CKD. UACR appears to be an earlier marker of CKD in this population. Health awareness promotion and aggressive risk factor reduction are advocated as ways to reduce this burden.

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