Sociocentric relationships drive nature-based enterprises in the human dominated Liuwa Plain National Park

Résumé

Community network structures and social innovations that support the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) play an important role in the performance of nature-based enterprises such as fishing, weaving, and timber harvesting. However, limited empirical evidence exists on how relational dynamics influence these enterprises within contexts of climate change and persistent rural poverty. This study used household surveys and social network analysis to examine community network structures in the human-dominated protected landscape of Liuwa Plain National Park. Chord diagrams were applied to identify the drivers, barriers, and bridging factors shaping enterprise performance and collaboration among entrepreneurs. Gender and resource type were identified as factors related to sociocentric relationships, with inter-household collaborations exhibiting distinct gendered patterns. Households with fewer alliances exhibited greater diversification from fishing into alternative livelihoods, including weaving, caterpillar harvesting, beekeeping, and mushroom production. Enterprise performance was supported by income generation opportunities, traditional practices, and information exchange, while major constraints included climate change impacts, poor market access, limited external support, and weak cooperation among entrepreneurs. Strengthening adaptive capacity, collaborative governance, and social connectivity within shared landscapes is therefore critical for improving enterprise resilience. These findings provide network-based insights for conservation planning and SDG implementation, while underscoring the importance of continuous monitoring to support adaptive management under changing socio-ecological conditions.

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