Relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and white matter lesions in patients with migraine

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Abstract Background/aim: White matter lesions (WMLs) are more frequently observed in migraine patients than in the average population. Associations between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and different extraintestinal pathologies have been identified. Here, we aimed to examine the effect of H. pylori infection on WML in patients diagnosed with migraine.Materials and methods: A retrospective study was conducted with 526 subjects with a diagnosis of migraine. Hyperintensity of WML had been previously evaluated in these patients with brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations. Previous endoscopic gastric biopsy histopathological examination of the same patients and reports on H. pylori findings were recorded. The demographic characteristics of the patients, such as age, drugs, and gender, were recorded. Statistical evaluation was made.Results: Evaluation was made among 526 migraine patients who met the inclusion criteria, comprising 397 (75.5%) females and 129 (24.5%) males with a mean age of 45.57 ± 13.46 years (range, 18-69 years). Of the 211 (40.1%) subjects who were negative for H. pylori, WML was not detected in 140 (26.6%) and was detected in 71 (13.5%) on brain MRI. WML was not detected in 137 (26.0%) of 315 (59.9%) subjects who were positive for H. pylori and was detected in 178 (33.8%) on brain MRI (p <0.05). Subjects who are H. pylori-positive migraine were observed at a 2.5-fold higher incidence of brain MRI WML (odds ratio: 2.562, 95% CI 1.784-3.680). WML was found to be more significant in patients with hypertension and migraine than those without (p <0.001). Conclusion: It was concluded that H. pylori infection, a chronic infection, can be considered a risk factor in developing WML in subjects with migraine.

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