Non Linearity Coefficient Evaluation of Zinc Oxide Doped Modulated Red Sea Egyptian Clay as a Varistor

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Abstract Doping ZnO with different ratios of clays can increase the value of nonlinear parameters. The natural clay has been precipitated in water column, as a result of the difference in the physical properties of the different phases, the clay will precipitate in layers lighter by lighter from the bottom of the water column, So SiO2 concentrates in lower layers and decreases to the upper layers, whereas Albite, montomorillonite, and dolomite behaves in opposite.ZnO has been doped with different layers up to 20 % clay and sintered at 1200 C for one hour. The obtained samples have been prepared for the different measurements XRD, J-E characteristics, and SEM. XRD showed different phases with different percentages along the whole divided layers of the precipitated column. The maximum value of SiO2 concentrates at layer 3 while the other phases have their lowest values. The electrical measurements (J-E) declared that the maximum value of α obtained by dope ZnO with layer 7 or layer no.11. The peak in α obtained at doping levels 10% or 18% for all the studied layers, this indicates the proper concentration of Si and Al that stabilize the interface potential barrier.

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