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Burden of malaria infection among individuals of varied blood groups in Kenya

Article scientifique 2022 Anglais

Résumé

BACKGROUND: The ABO blood groups consist of A, B, and H carbohydrate antigens, which regulate protein activities during malaria infection in humans. Understanding the interplay between the malaria parasite and blood group antigens is essential in understanding new interventions to reduce the global burden of malaria. This study assessed the burden of malaria infection among individuals with varying blood groups seeking treatment at selected hospitals in Kenya. METHODS: A total of 366 samples from an ongoing malaria surveillance study were diagnosed for malaria by microscopy and further typed for blood group using ABO blood grouping. Age and sex were recorded in a data sheet, and analysed using R software version 4. Groups' proportions (blood group, malaria infection, age and sex) were compared using Pearson's Chi-square and Fischer exact tests. Wilcoxon and Kruskal-Wallis tests were performed and P-value < 0.05 was considered significant after Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons. To understand the effect of each blood group on parasitaemia, multivariate logistic regression was used to model ABO blood group in relation to parasitaemia. RESULTS: individuals, that were 7% and 20%, respectively,. Those living in malaria-endemic zones presented with higher parasite densities compared to those living in malaria-epidemic (p = 0.0061). Individuals bearing B + blood group are more likely to habour high parasitaemia compared to O + blood group bearers (OR = 4.47, CI = 1.53-13.05, p = 0.006). CONCLUSION: Individuals of blood group B harbour high parasitaemia compared with the blood group O, Additionally, blood group A and B present with symptoms at lower parasitaemia than blood group O. Regardles of malaria transmission zones, individuals from endemic zones showed up with high parasitaemia and among them were more individuals of blood groups A and B than individuals of blood group O. Implying that these individuals were more at risk and require additional attention and effective case management.

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Yeda, R., Okudo, C., Owiti, E., Biwot, G., Momanyi, C., Korir, W., Mitsanze, T., Tegerei, C., Juma, D., Opot, B., Mwakio, E., Chemwor, G., Okoth, R., Ochora, D., Cheruiyot, A., Roth, A., Akala, H., Andagalu, B. (2022). Burden of malaria infection among individuals of varied blood groups in Kenya. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-022-04251-1

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Auteur(s)

Redemptah Yeda Charles Okudo Eunice Owiti Gladys Biwot Cliff Momanyi Winnie Korir Thoya Mitsanze Caroline Tegerei Dennis W. Juma Benjamin Opot Edwin W. Mwakio Gladys Chemwor Raphael Okoth Douglas O. Ochora Agnes C. Cheruiyot Amanda Roth Hoseah M. Akala Ben Andagalu

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