Integrating fuzzy AHP and gray relational analysis for energy storage system selection in microgrids

Résumé

The energy storage system is a vital microgrid component that determines the performance of the microgrid and how long it can provide energy. The diverse applications and nature of the microgrid in terms of its energy sources, particularly the renewable energy sources with fluctuations and variations in energy supply, have established the need to evaluate different types of energy storage technologies. Considering several conflicting criteria, the identification and selection of an appropriate energy storage system for a microgrid requires a detailed decision-making process. In this article, the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) and fuzzy gray relational analysis (FGRA) are integrated to identify an energy storage system from several alternatives. The FAHP was selected to determine the weights of the conflicting criteria based on its fuzzified pairwise comparison matrix, while the FGRA model was selected to conduct the comparative analysis considering all the criteria and the reference series that serves as a benchmarking point. The decision process was able to identify the optimal storage system considering the final values of the defuzzified gray relational grades. This result was validated using different resolving coefficients between 0.1 and 1.0, and the validation shows that the optimal storage system remains the same for all the resolving coefficients.

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