Editorial: Cholesterol and cancer drug resistance: Molecular, signaling, and therapeutic aspects

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Editorial on the Research Topic Cholesterol and Cancer drug resistance: Molecular, signalling and therapeutic aspects Cancer was responsible for approximately 10 million deaths in 2020.Despite the notable progress made in anticancer therapy, cancer patients present with de novo or acquired resistance, which plays a key role in relapse.Several well-defined biological processes, including but not limited to impaired DNA damage repair, increased efflux of drugs, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), have been linked to drug resistance in cancer cells.Over the past decade, accumulating evidence has focused on the accumulation of cholesterol in cancer cells as one of the driving mechanisms of drug resistance.This Research Topic explored molecular pathways responsible for cancer drug resistance in a range of cancers, especially narrowing down to pathways impacted by cholesterol while suggesting the role of cholesterol-lowering agents as potential anticancer therapeutics.Several growth factor signaling pathways [involving insulin-like growth factor (IGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), connective tissue growth factor, nerve growth factor (NGF), and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)] are responsible for pancreatic cancer (PC) initiation and progression.These pathways are critical in various biological processes such as cell differentiation, migration, proliferation, and apoptosis.Their cellular functions provide unique opportunities to target them toward pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) treatment.In recent years, several attempts have been made to do so, however, with some challenges.Xelwa et al. discussed some of the opportunities and challenges that emanate from targeting growth factors.Some of these challenges arise from the heterogeneity of the tumor and its ability to evade detection and destruction.Subsequently, the authors have highlighted the potential of the

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